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//proc/self/root/usr/share/nodejs/lodash.bind/index.js

/**
 * Lodash (Custom Build) <https://lodash.com/>
 * Build: `lodash modularize exports="npm" -o packages`
 * Copyright OpenJS Foundation and other contributors <https://openjsf.org/>
 * Released under MIT license <https://lodash.com/license>
 * Based on Underscore.js 1.8.3 <http://underscorejs.org/LICENSE>
 * Copyright Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud and Investigative Reporters & Editors
 */

/** Error message constants. */
var FUNC_ERROR_TEXT = 'Expected a function';

/** Used as the internal argument placeholder. */
var PLACEHOLDER = '__lodash_placeholder__';

/** Used to compose bitmasks for function metadata. */
var WRAP_BIND_FLAG = 1,
    WRAP_BIND_KEY_FLAG = 2,
    WRAP_CURRY_BOUND_FLAG = 4,
    WRAP_CURRY_FLAG = 8,
    WRAP_CURRY_RIGHT_FLAG = 16,
    WRAP_PARTIAL_FLAG = 32,
    WRAP_PARTIAL_RIGHT_FLAG = 64,
    WRAP_ARY_FLAG = 128,
    WRAP_REARG_FLAG = 256,
    WRAP_FLIP_FLAG = 512;

/** Used to detect hot functions by number of calls within a span of milliseconds. */
var HOT_COUNT = 800,
    HOT_SPAN = 16;

/** Used as references for various `Number` constants. */
var INFINITY = 1 / 0,
    MAX_SAFE_INTEGER = 9007199254740991,
    MAX_INTEGER = 1.7976931348623157e+308,
    NAN = 0 / 0;

/** Used to associate wrap methods with their bit flags. */
var wrapFlags = [
  ['ary', WRAP_ARY_FLAG],
  ['bind', WRAP_BIND_FLAG],
  ['bindKey', WRAP_BIND_KEY_FLAG],
  ['curry', WRAP_CURRY_FLAG],
  ['curryRight', WRAP_CURRY_RIGHT_FLAG],
  ['flip', WRAP_FLIP_FLAG],
  ['partial', WRAP_PARTIAL_FLAG],
  ['partialRight', WRAP_PARTIAL_RIGHT_FLAG],
  ['rearg', WRAP_REARG_FLAG]
];

/** `Object#toString` result references. */
var asyncTag = '[object AsyncFunction]',
    funcTag = '[object Function]',
    genTag = '[object GeneratorFunction]',
    nullTag = '[object Null]',
    proxyTag = '[object Proxy]',
    symbolTag = '[object Symbol]',
    undefinedTag = '[object Undefined]';

/**
 * Used to match `RegExp`
 * [syntax characters](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-patterns).
 */
var reRegExpChar = /[\\^$.*+?()[\]{}|]/g;

/** Used to match leading and trailing whitespace. */
var reTrim = /^\s+|\s+$/g;

/** Used to match wrap detail comments. */
var reWrapComment = /\{(?:\n\/\* \[wrapped with .+\] \*\/)?\n?/,
    reWrapDetails = /\{\n\/\* \[wrapped with (.+)\] \*/,
    reSplitDetails = /,? & /;

/** Used to detect bad signed hexadecimal string values. */
var reIsBadHex = /^[-+]0x[0-9a-f]+$/i;

/** Used to detect binary string values. */
var reIsBinary = /^0b[01]+$/i;

/** Used to detect host constructors (Safari). */
var reIsHostCtor = /^\[object .+?Constructor\]$/;

/** Used to detect octal string values. */
var reIsOctal = /^0o[0-7]+$/i;

/** Used to detect unsigned integer values. */
var reIsUint = /^(?:0|[1-9]\d*)$/;

/** Built-in method references without a dependency on `root`. */
var freeParseInt = parseInt;

/** Detect free variable `global` from Node.js. */
var freeGlobal = typeof global == 'object' && global && global.Object === Object && global;

/** Detect free variable `globalThis` */
const freeGlobalThis = typeof globalThis == 'object' && globalThis !== null && globalThis.Object == Object && globalThis;

/** Detect free variable `self`. */
var freeSelf = typeof self == 'object' && self && self.Object === Object && self;

/** Used as a reference to the global object. */
var root = freeGlobalThis || freeGlobal || freeSelf || Function('return this')();

/**
 * A faster alternative to `Function#apply`, this function invokes `func`
 * with the `this` binding of `thisArg` and the arguments of `args`.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Function} func The function to invoke.
 * @param {*} thisArg The `this` binding of `func`.
 * @param {Array} args The arguments to invoke `func` with.
 * @returns {*} Returns the result of `func`.
 */
function apply(func, thisArg, args) {
  switch (args.length) {
    case 0: return func.call(thisArg);
    case 1: return func.call(thisArg, args[0]);
    case 2: return func.call(thisArg, args[0], args[1]);
    case 3: return func.call(thisArg, args[0], args[1], args[2]);
  }
  return func.apply(thisArg, args);
}

/**
 * A specialized version of `_.forEach` for arrays without support for
 * iteratee shorthands.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Array} [array] The array to iterate over.
 * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
 * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
 */
function arrayEach(array, iteratee) {
  var index = -1,
      length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;

while (++index < length) {
    if (iteratee(array[index], index, array) === false) {
      break;
    }
  }
  return array;
}

/**
 * A specialized version of `_.includes` for arrays without support for
 * specifying an index to search from.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Array} [array] The array to inspect.
 * @param {*} target The value to search for.
 * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `target` is found, else `false`.
 */
function arrayIncludes(array, value) {
  var length = array == null ? 0 : array.length;
  return !!length && baseIndexOf(array, value, 0) > -1;
}

/**
 * The base implementation of `_.findIndex` and `_.findLastIndex` without
 * support for iteratee shorthands.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
 * @param {Function} predicate The function invoked per iteration.
 * @param {number} fromIndex The index to search from.
 * @param {boolean} [fromRight] Specify iterating from right to left.
 * @returns {number} Returns the index of the matched value, else `-1`.
 */
function baseFindIndex(array, predicate, fromIndex, fromRight) {
  var length = array.length,
      index = fromIndex + (fromRight ? 1 : -1);

while ((fromRight ? index-- : ++index < length)) {
    if (predicate(array[index], index, array)) {
      return index;
    }
  }
  return -1;
}

/**
 * The base implementation of `_.indexOf` without `fromIndex` bounds checks.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
 * @param {*} value The value to search for.
 * @param {number} fromIndex The index to search from.
 * @returns {number} Returns the index of the matched value, else `-1`.
 */
function baseIndexOf(array, value, fromIndex) {
  return value === value
    ? strictIndexOf(array, value, fromIndex)
    : baseFindIndex(array, baseIsNaN, fromIndex);
}

/**
 * The base implementation of `_.isNaN` without support for number objects.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {*} value The value to check.
 * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is `NaN`, else `false`.
 */
function baseIsNaN(value) {
  return value !== value;
}

/**
 * Gets the number of `placeholder` occurrences in `array`.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
 * @param {*} placeholder The placeholder to search for.
 * @returns {number} Returns the placeholder count.
 */
function countHolders(array, placeholder) {
  var length = array.length,
      result = 0;

while (length--) {
    if (array[length] === placeholder) {
      ++result;
    }
  }
  return result;
}

/**
 * Gets the value at `key` of `object`.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Object} [object] The object to query.
 * @param {string} key The key of the property to get.
 * @returns {*} Returns the property value.
 */
function getValue(object, key) {
  return object == null ? undefined : object[key];
}

/**
 * Replaces all `placeholder` elements in `array` with an internal placeholder
 * and returns an array of their indexes.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Array} array The array to modify.
 * @param {*} placeholder The placeholder to replace.
 * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of placeholder indexes.
 */
function replaceHolders(array, placeholder) {
  var index = -1,
      length = array.length,
      resIndex = 0,
      result = [];

while (++index < length) {
    var value = array[index];
    if (value === placeholder || value === PLACEHOLDER) {
      array[index] = PLACEHOLDER;
      result[resIndex++] = index;
    }
  }
  return result;
}

/**
 * A specialized version of `_.indexOf` which performs strict equality
 * comparisons of values, i.e. `===`.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
 * @param {*} value The value to search for.
 * @param {number} fromIndex The index to search from.
 * @returns {number} Returns the index of the matched value, else `-1`.
 */
function strictIndexOf(array, value, fromIndex) {
  var index = fromIndex - 1,
      length = array.length;

while (++index < length) {
    if (array[index] === value) {
      return index;
    }
  }
  return -1;
}

/** Used for built-in method references. */
var funcProto = Function.prototype,
    objectProto = Object.prototype;

/** Used to detect overreaching core-js shims. */
var coreJsData = root['__core-js_shared__'];

/** Used to resolve the decompiled source of functions. */
var funcToString = funcProto.toString;

/** Used to check objects for own properties. */
var hasOwnProperty = objectProto.hasOwnProperty;

/** Used to detect methods masquerading as native. */
var maskSrcKey = (function() {
  var uid = /[^.]+$/.exec(coreJsData && coreJsData.keys && coreJsData.keys.IE_PROTO || '');
  return uid ? ('Symbol(src)_1.' + uid) : '';
}());

/**
 * Used to resolve the
 * [`toStringTag`](http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-object.prototype.tostring)
 * of values.
 */
var nativeObjectToString = objectProto.toString;

/** Used to detect if a method is native. */
var reIsNative = RegExp('^' +
  funcToString.call(hasOwnProperty).replace(reRegExpChar, '\\$&')
  .replace(/hasOwnProperty|(function).*?(?=\\\()| for .+?(?=\\\])/g, '$1.*?') + '$'
);

/** Built-in value references. */
var Symbol = root.Symbol,
    objectCreate = Object.create,
    symToStringTag = Symbol ? Symbol.toStringTag : undefined;

var defineProperty = (function() {
  try {
    var func = getNative(Object, 'defineProperty');
    func({}, '', {});
    return func;
  } catch (e) {}
}());

/* Built-in method references for those with the same name as other `lodash` methods. */
var nativeMax = Math.max,
    nativeMin = Math.min,
    nativeNow = Date.now;

/**
 * The base implementation of `_.create` without support for assigning
 * properties to the created object.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Object} proto The object to inherit from.
 * @returns {Object} Returns the new object.
 */
var baseCreate = (function() {
  function object() {}
  return function(proto) {
    if (!isObject(proto)) {
      return {};
    }
    if (objectCreate) {
      return objectCreate(proto);
    }
    object.prototype = proto;
    var result = new object;
    object.prototype = undefined;
    return result;
  };
}());

/**
 * The base implementation of `getTag` without fallbacks for buggy environments.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {*} value The value to query.
 * @returns {string} Returns the `toStringTag`.
 */
function baseGetTag(value) {
  if (value == null) {
    return value === undefined ? undefinedTag : nullTag;
  }
  return (symToStringTag && symToStringTag in Object(value))
    ? getRawTag(value)
    : objectToString(value);
}

/**
 * The base implementation of `_.isNative` without bad shim checks.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {*} value The value to check.
 * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a native function,
 *  else `false`.
 */
function baseIsNative(value) {
  if (!isObject(value) || isMasked(value)) {
    return false;
  }
  var pattern = isFunction(value) ? reIsNative : reIsHostCtor;
  return pattern.test(toSource(value));
}

/**
 * The base implementation of `_.rest` which doesn't validate or coerce arguments.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Function} func The function to apply a rest parameter to.
 * @param {number} [start=func.length-1] The start position of the rest parameter.
 * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
 */
function baseRest(func, start) {
  return setToString(overRest(func, start, identity), func + '');
}

/**
 * The base implementation of `setToString` without support for hot loop shorting.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Function} func The function to modify.
 * @param {Function} string The `toString` result.
 * @returns {Function} Returns `func`.
 */
var baseSetToString = !defineProperty ? identity : function(func, string) {
  return defineProperty(func, 'toString', {
    'configurable': true,
    'enumerable': false,
    'value': constant(string),
    'writable': true
  });
};

/**
 * Creates an array that is the composition of partially applied arguments,
 * placeholders, and provided arguments into a single array of arguments.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Array} args The provided arguments.
 * @param {Array} partials The arguments to prepend to those provided.
 * @param {Array} holders The `partials` placeholder indexes.
 * @params {boolean} [isCurried] Specify composing for a curried function.
 * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of composed arguments.
 */
function composeArgs(args, partials, holders, isCurried) {
  var argsIndex = -1,
      argsLength = args.length,
      holdersLength = holders.length,
      leftIndex = -1,
      leftLength = partials.length,
      rangeLength = nativeMax(argsLength - holdersLength, 0),
      result = Array(leftLength + rangeLength),
      isUncurried = !isCurried;

while (++leftIndex < leftLength) {
    result[leftIndex] = partials[leftIndex];
  }
  while (++argsIndex < holdersLength) {
    if (isUncurried || argsIndex < argsLength) {
      result[holders[argsIndex]] = args[argsIndex];
    }
  }
  while (rangeLength--) {
    result[leftIndex++] = args[argsIndex++];
  }
  return result;
}

/**
 * This function is like `composeArgs` except that the arguments composition
 * is tailored for `_.partialRight`.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Array} args The provided arguments.
 * @param {Array} partials The arguments to append to those provided.
 * @param {Array} holders The `partials` placeholder indexes.
 * @params {boolean} [isCurried] Specify composing for a curried function.
 * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of composed arguments.
 */
function composeArgsRight(args, partials, holders, isCurried) {
  var argsIndex = -1,
      argsLength = args.length,
      holdersIndex = -1,
      holdersLength = holders.length,
      rightIndex = -1,
      rightLength = partials.length,
      rangeLength = nativeMax(argsLength - holdersLength, 0),
      result = Array(rangeLength + rightLength),
      isUncurried = !isCurried;

while (++argsIndex < rangeLength) {
    result[argsIndex] = args[argsIndex];
  }
  var offset = argsIndex;
  while (++rightIndex < rightLength) {
    result[offset + rightIndex] = partials[rightIndex];
  }
  while (++holdersIndex < holdersLength) {
    if (isUncurried || argsIndex < argsLength) {
      result[offset + holders[holdersIndex]] = args[argsIndex++];
    }
  }
  return result;
}

/**
 * Copies the values of `source` to `array`.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Array} source The array to copy values from.
 * @param {Array} [array=[]] The array to copy values to.
 * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
 */
function copyArray(source, array) {
  var index = -1,
      length = source.length;

array || (array = Array(length));
  while (++index < length) {
    array[index] = source[index];
  }
  return array;
}

/**
 * Creates a function that wraps `func` to invoke it with the optional `this`
 * binding of `thisArg`.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Function} func The function to wrap.
 * @param {number} bitmask The bitmask flags. See `createWrap` for more details.
 * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `func`.
 * @returns {Function} Returns the new wrapped function.
 */
function createBind(func, bitmask, thisArg) {
  var isBind = bitmask & WRAP_BIND_FLAG,
      Ctor = createCtor(func);

function wrapper() {
    var fn = (this && this !== root && this instanceof wrapper) ? Ctor : func;
    return fn.apply(isBind ? thisArg : this, arguments);
  }
  return wrapper;
}

/**
 * Creates a function that produces an instance of `Ctor` regardless of
 * whether it was invoked as part of a `new` expression or by `call` or `apply`.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Function} Ctor The constructor to wrap.
 * @returns {Function} Returns the new wrapped function.
 */
function createCtor(Ctor) {
  return function() {
    // Use a `switch` statement to work with class constructors. See
    // http://ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-ecmascript-function-objects-call-thisargument-argumentslist
    // for more details.
    var args = arguments;
    switch (args.length) {
      case 0: return new Ctor;
      case 1: return new Ctor(args[0]);
      case 2: return new Ctor(args[0], args[1]);
      case 3: return new Ctor(args[0], args[1], args[2]);
      case 4: return new Ctor(args[0], args[1], args[2], args[3]);
      case 5: return new Ctor(args[0], args[1], args[2], args[3], args[4]);
      case 6: return new Ctor(args[0], args[1], args[2], args[3], args[4], args[5]);
      case 7: return new Ctor(args[0], args[1], args[2], args[3], args[4], args[5], args[6]);
    }
    var thisBinding = baseCreate(Ctor.prototype),
        result = Ctor.apply(thisBinding, args);

// Mimic the constructor's `return` behavior.
    // See https://es5.github.io/#x13.2.2 for more details.
    return isObject(result) ? result : thisBinding;
  };
}

/**
 * Creates a function that wraps `func` to enable currying.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Function} func The function to wrap.
 * @param {number} bitmask The bitmask flags. See `createWrap` for more details.
 * @param {number} arity The arity of `func`.
 * @returns {Function} Returns the new wrapped function.
 */
function createCurry(func, bitmask, arity) {
  var Ctor = createCtor(func);

function wrapper() {
    var length = arguments.length,
        args = Array(length),
        index = length,
        placeholder = getHolder(wrapper);

while (index--) {
      args[index] = arguments[index];
    }
    var holders = (length < 3 && args[0] !== placeholder && args[length - 1] !== placeholder)
      ? []
      : replaceHolders(args, placeholder);

length -= holders.length;
    if (length < arity) {
      return createRecurry(
        func, bitmask, createHybrid, wrapper.placeholder, undefined,
        args, holders, undefined, undefined, arity - length);
    }
    var fn = (this && this !== root && this instanceof wrapper) ? Ctor : func;
    return apply(fn, this, args);
  }
  return wrapper;
}

/**
 * Creates a function that wraps `func` to invoke it with optional `this`
 * binding of `thisArg`, partial application, and currying.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Function|string} func The function or method name to wrap.
 * @param {number} bitmask The bitmask flags. See `createWrap` for more details.
 * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `func`.
 * @param {Array} [partials] The arguments to prepend to those provided to
 *  the new function.
 * @param {Array} [holders] The `partials` placeholder indexes.
 * @param {Array} [partialsRight] The arguments to append to those provided
 *  to the new function.
 * @param {Array} [holdersRight] The `partialsRight` placeholder indexes.
 * @param {Array} [argPos] The argument positions of the new function.
 * @param {number} [ary] The arity cap of `func`.
 * @param {number} [arity] The arity of `func`.
 * @returns {Function} Returns the new wrapped function.
 */
function createHybrid(func, bitmask, thisArg, partials, holders, partialsRight, holdersRight, argPos, ary, arity) {
  var isAry = bitmask & WRAP_ARY_FLAG,
      isBind = bitmask & WRAP_BIND_FLAG,
      isBindKey = bitmask & WRAP_BIND_KEY_FLAG,
      isCurried = bitmask & (WRAP_CURRY_FLAG | WRAP_CURRY_RIGHT_FLAG),
      isFlip = bitmask & WRAP_FLIP_FLAG,
      Ctor = isBindKey ? undefined : createCtor(func);

function wrapper() {
    var length = arguments.length,
        args = Array(length),
        index = length;

while (index--) {
      args[index] = arguments[index];
    }
    if (isCurried) {
      var placeholder = getHolder(wrapper),
          holdersCount = countHolders(args, placeholder);
    }
    if (partials) {
      args = composeArgs(args, partials, holders, isCurried);
    }
    if (partialsRight) {
      args = composeArgsRight(args, partialsRight, holdersRight, isCurried);
    }
    length -= holdersCount;
    if (isCurried && length < arity) {
      var newHolders = replaceHolders(args, placeholder);
      return createRecurry(
        func, bitmask, createHybrid, wrapper.placeholder, thisArg,
        args, newHolders, argPos, ary, arity - length
      );
    }
    var thisBinding = isBind ? thisArg : this,
        fn = isBindKey ? thisBinding[func] : func;

length = args.length;
    if (argPos) {
      args = reorder(args, argPos);
    } else if (isFlip && length > 1) {
      args.reverse();
    }
    if (isAry && ary < length) {
      args.length = ary;
    }
    if (this && this !== root && this instanceof wrapper) {
      fn = Ctor || createCtor(fn);
    }
    return fn.apply(thisBinding, args);
  }
  return wrapper;
}

/**
 * Creates a function that wraps `func` to invoke it with the `this` binding
 * of `thisArg` and `partials` prepended to the arguments it receives.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Function} func The function to wrap.
 * @param {number} bitmask The bitmask flags. See `createWrap` for more details.
 * @param {*} thisArg The `this` binding of `func`.
 * @param {Array} partials The arguments to prepend to those provided to
 *  the new function.
 * @returns {Function} Returns the new wrapped function.
 */
function createPartial(func, bitmask, thisArg, partials) {
  var isBind = bitmask & WRAP_BIND_FLAG,
      Ctor = createCtor(func);

function wrapper() {
    var argsIndex = -1,
        argsLength = arguments.length,
        leftIndex = -1,
        leftLength = partials.length,
        args = Array(leftLength + argsLength),
        fn = (this && this !== root && this instanceof wrapper) ? Ctor : func;

while (++leftIndex < leftLength) {
      args[leftIndex] = partials[leftIndex];
    }
    while (argsLength--) {
      args[leftIndex++] = arguments[++argsIndex];
    }
    return apply(fn, isBind ? thisArg : this, args);
  }
  return wrapper;
}

/**
 * Creates a function that wraps `func` to continue currying.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Function} func The function to wrap.
 * @param {number} bitmask The bitmask flags. See `createWrap` for more details.
 * @param {Function} wrapFunc The function to create the `func` wrapper.
 * @param {*} placeholder The placeholder value.
 * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `func`.
 * @param {Array} [partials] The arguments to prepend to those provided to
 *  the new function.
 * @param {Array} [holders] The `partials` placeholder indexes.
 * @param {Array} [argPos] The argument positions of the new function.
 * @param {number} [ary] The arity cap of `func`.
 * @param {number} [arity] The arity of `func`.
 * @returns {Function} Returns the new wrapped function.
 */
function createRecurry(func, bitmask, wrapFunc, placeholder, thisArg, partials, holders, argPos, ary, arity) {
  var isCurry = bitmask & WRAP_CURRY_FLAG,
      newHolders = isCurry ? holders : undefined,
      newHoldersRight = isCurry ? undefined : holders,
      newPartials = isCurry ? partials : undefined,
      newPartialsRight = isCurry ? undefined : partials;

bitmask |= (isCurry ? WRAP_PARTIAL_FLAG : WRAP_PARTIAL_RIGHT_FLAG);
  bitmask &= ~(isCurry ? WRAP_PARTIAL_RIGHT_FLAG : WRAP_PARTIAL_FLAG);

if (!(bitmask & WRAP_CURRY_BOUND_FLAG)) {
    bitmask &= ~(WRAP_BIND_FLAG | WRAP_BIND_KEY_FLAG);
  }

var result = wrapFunc(func, bitmask, thisArg, newPartials, newHolders, newPartialsRight, newHoldersRight, argPos, ary, arity);
  result.placeholder = placeholder;
  return setWrapToString(result, func, bitmask);
}

/**
 * Creates a function that either curries or invokes `func` with optional
 * `this` binding and partially applied arguments.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Function|string} func The function or method name to wrap.
 * @param {number} bitmask The bitmask flags.
 *    1 - `_.bind`
 *    2 - `_.bindKey`
 *    4 - `_.curry` or `_.curryRight` of a bound function
 *    8 - `_.curry`
 *   16 - `_.curryRight`
 *   32 - `_.partial`
 *   64 - `_.partialRight`
 *  128 - `_.rearg`
 *  256 - `_.ary`
 *  512 - `_.flip`
 * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `func`.
 * @param {Array} [partials] The arguments to be partially applied.
 * @param {Array} [holders] The `partials` placeholder indexes.
 * @param {Array} [argPos] The argument positions of the new function.
 * @param {number} [ary] The arity cap of `func`.
 * @param {number} [arity] The arity of `func`.
 * @returns {Function} Returns the new wrapped function.
 */
function createWrap(func, bitmask, thisArg, partials, holders, argPos, ary, arity) {
  var isBindKey = bitmask & WRAP_BIND_KEY_FLAG;
  if (!isBindKey && typeof func != 'function') {
    throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
  }
  var length = partials ? partials.length : 0;
  if (!length) {
    bitmask &= ~(WRAP_PARTIAL_FLAG | WRAP_PARTIAL_RIGHT_FLAG);
    partials = holders = undefined;
  }
  ary = ary === undefined ? ary : nativeMax(toInteger(ary), 0);
  arity = arity === undefined ? arity : toInteger(arity);
  length -= holders ? holders.length : 0;

if (bitmask & WRAP_PARTIAL_RIGHT_FLAG) {
    var partialsRight = partials,
        holdersRight = holders;

partials = holders = undefined;
  }

var newData = [
    func, bitmask, thisArg, partials, holders, partialsRight, holdersRight,
    argPos, ary, arity
  ];

func = newData[0];
  bitmask = newData[1];
  thisArg = newData[2];
  partials = newData[3];
  holders = newData[4];
  arity = newData[9] = newData[9] === undefined
    ? (isBindKey ? 0 : func.length)
    : nativeMax(newData[9] - length, 0);

if (!arity && bitmask & (WRAP_CURRY_FLAG | WRAP_CURRY_RIGHT_FLAG)) {
    bitmask &= ~(WRAP_CURRY_FLAG | WRAP_CURRY_RIGHT_FLAG);
  }
  if (!bitmask || bitmask == WRAP_BIND_FLAG) {
    var result = createBind(func, bitmask, thisArg);
  } else if (bitmask == WRAP_CURRY_FLAG || bitmask == WRAP_CURRY_RIGHT_FLAG) {
    result = createCurry(func, bitmask, arity);
  } else if ((bitmask == WRAP_PARTIAL_FLAG || bitmask == (WRAP_BIND_FLAG | WRAP_PARTIAL_FLAG)) && !holders.length) {
    result = createPartial(func, bitmask, thisArg, partials);
  } else {
    result = createHybrid.apply(undefined, newData);
  }
  return setWrapToString(result, func, bitmask);
}

/**
 * Gets the argument placeholder value for `func`.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Function} func The function to inspect.
 * @returns {*} Returns the placeholder value.
 */
function getHolder(func) {
  var object = func;
  return object.placeholder;
}

/**
 * Gets the native function at `key` of `object`.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Object} object The object to query.
 * @param {string} key The key of the method to get.
 * @returns {*} Returns the function if it's native, else `undefined`.
 */
function getNative(object, key) {
  var value = getValue(object, key);
  return baseIsNative(value) ? value : undefined;
}

/**
 * A specialized version of `baseGetTag` which ignores `Symbol.toStringTag` values.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {*} value The value to query.
 * @returns {string} Returns the raw `toStringTag`.
 */
function getRawTag(value) {
  var isOwn = hasOwnProperty.call(value, symToStringTag),
      tag = value[symToStringTag];

try {
    value[symToStringTag] = undefined;
    var unmasked = true;
  } catch (e) {}

var result = nativeObjectToString.call(value);
  if (unmasked) {
    if (isOwn) {
      value[symToStringTag] = tag;
    } else {
      delete value[symToStringTag];
    }
  }
  return result;
}

/**
 * Extracts wrapper details from the `source` body comment.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {string} source The source to inspect.
 * @returns {Array} Returns the wrapper details.
 */
function getWrapDetails(source) {
  var match = source.match(reWrapDetails);
  return match ? match[1].split(reSplitDetails) : [];
}

/**
 * Inserts wrapper `details` in a comment at the top of the `source` body.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {string} source The source to modify.
 * @returns {Array} details The details to insert.
 * @returns {string} Returns the modified source.
 */
function insertWrapDetails(source, details) {
  var length = details.length;
  if (!length) {
    return source;
  }
  var lastIndex = length - 1;
  details[lastIndex] = (length > 1 ? '& ' : '') + details[lastIndex];
  details = details.join(length > 2 ? ', ' : ' ');
  return source.replace(reWrapComment, '{\n/* [wrapped with ' + details + '] */\n');
}

/**
 * Checks if `value` is a valid array-like index.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {*} value The value to check.
 * @param {number} [length=MAX_SAFE_INTEGER] The upper bounds of a valid index.
 * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a valid index, else `false`.
 */
function isIndex(value, length) {
  var type = typeof value;
  length = length == null ? MAX_SAFE_INTEGER : length;

return !!length &&
    (type == 'number' ||
      (type != 'symbol' && reIsUint.test(value))) &&
        (value > -1 && value % 1 == 0 && value < length);
}

/**
 * Checks if `func` has its source masked.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Function} func The function to check.
 * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `func` is masked, else `false`.
 */
function isMasked(func) {
  return !!maskSrcKey && (maskSrcKey in func);
}

/**
 * Converts `value` to a string using `Object.prototype.toString`.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {*} value The value to convert.
 * @returns {string} Returns the converted string.
 */
function objectToString(value) {
  return nativeObjectToString.call(value);
}

/**
 * A specialized version of `baseRest` which transforms the rest array.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Function} func The function to apply a rest parameter to.
 * @param {number} [start=func.length-1] The start position of the rest parameter.
 * @param {Function} transform The rest array transform.
 * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
 */
function overRest(func, start, transform) {
  start = nativeMax(start === undefined ? (func.length - 1) : start, 0);
  return function() {
    var args = arguments,
        index = -1,
        length = nativeMax(args.length - start, 0),
        array = Array(length);

while (++index < length) {
      array[index] = args[start + index];
    }
    index = -1;
    var otherArgs = Array(start + 1);
    while (++index < start) {
      otherArgs[index] = args[index];
    }
    otherArgs[start] = transform(array);
    return apply(func, this, otherArgs);
  };
}

/**
 * Reorder `array` according to the specified indexes where the element at
 * the first index is assigned as the first element, the element at
 * the second index is assigned as the second element, and so on.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Array} array The array to reorder.
 * @param {Array} indexes The arranged array indexes.
 * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
 */
function reorder(array, indexes) {
  var arrLength = array.length,
      length = nativeMin(indexes.length, arrLength),
      oldArray = copyArray(array);

while (length--) {
    var index = indexes[length];
    array[length] = isIndex(index, arrLength) ? oldArray[index] : undefined;
  }
  return array;
}

/**
 * Sets the `toString` method of `func` to return `string`.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Function} func The function to modify.
 * @param {Function} string The `toString` result.
 * @returns {Function} Returns `func`.
 */
var setToString = shortOut(baseSetToString);

/**
 * Sets the `toString` method of `wrapper` to mimic the source of `reference`
 * with wrapper details in a comment at the top of the source body.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Function} wrapper The function to modify.
 * @param {Function} reference The reference function.
 * @param {number} bitmask The bitmask flags. See `createWrap` for more details.
 * @returns {Function} Returns `wrapper`.
 */
function setWrapToString(wrapper, reference, bitmask) {
  var source = (reference + '');
  return setToString(wrapper, insertWrapDetails(source, updateWrapDetails(getWrapDetails(source), bitmask)));
}

/**
 * Creates a function that'll short out and invoke `identity` instead
 * of `func` when it's called `HOT_COUNT` or more times in `HOT_SPAN`
 * milliseconds.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Function} func The function to restrict.
 * @returns {Function} Returns the new shortable function.
 */
function shortOut(func) {
  var count = 0,
      lastCalled = 0;

return function() {
    var stamp = nativeNow(),
        remaining = HOT_SPAN - (stamp - lastCalled);

lastCalled = stamp;
    if (remaining > 0) {
      if (++count >= HOT_COUNT) {
        return arguments[0];
      }
    } else {
      count = 0;
    }
    return func.apply(undefined, arguments);
  };
}

/**
 * Converts `func` to its source code.
 *
 * @private
 * @param {Function} func The function to convert.
 * @returns {string} Returns the source code.
 */
function toSource(func) {
  if (func != null) {
    try {
      return funcToString.call(func);
    } catch (e) {}
    try {
      return (func + '');
    } catch (e) {}
  }
  return '';
}

/**
 * Updates wrapper `details` based on `bitmask` flags.
 *
 * @private
 * @returns {Array} details The details to modify.
 * @param {number} bitmask The bitmask flags. See `createWrap` for more details.
 * @returns {Array} Returns `details`.
 */
function updateWrapDetails(details, bitmask) {
  arrayEach(wrapFlags, function(pair) {
    var value = '_.' + pair[0];
    if ((bitmask & pair[1]) && !arrayIncludes(details, value)) {
      details.push(value);
    }
  });
  return details.sort();
}

/**
 * Creates a function that invokes `func` with the `this` binding of `thisArg`
 * and `partials` prepended to the arguments it receives.
 *
 * The `_.bind.placeholder` value, which defaults to `_` in monolithic builds,
 * may be used as a placeholder for partially applied arguments.
 *
 * **Note:** Unlike native `Function#bind`, this method doesn't set the "length"
 * property of bound functions.
 *
 * @static
 * @memberOf _
 * @since 0.1.0
 * @category Function
 * @param {Function} func The function to bind.
 * @param {*} thisArg The `this` binding of `func`.
 * @param {...*} [partials] The arguments to be partially applied.
 * @returns {Function} Returns the new bound function.
 * @example
 *
 * function greet(greeting, punctuation) {
 *   return greeting + ' ' + this.user + punctuation;
 * }
 *
 * var object = { 'user': 'fred' };
 *
 * var bound = _.bind(greet, object, 'hi');
 * bound('!');
 * // => 'hi fred!'
 *
 * // Bound with placeholders.
 * var bound = _.bind(greet, object, _, '!');
 * bound('hi');
 * // => 'hi fred!'
 */
var bind = baseRest(function(func, thisArg, partials) {
  var bitmask = WRAP_BIND_FLAG;
  if (partials.length) {
    var holders = replaceHolders(partials, getHolder(bind));
    bitmask |= WRAP_PARTIAL_FLAG;
  }
  return createWrap(func, bitmask, thisArg, partials, holders);
});

/**
 * Checks if `value` is classified as a `Function` object.
 *
 * @static
 * @memberOf _
 * @since 0.1.0
 * @category Lang
 * @param {*} value The value to check.
 * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a function, else `false`.
 * @example
 *
 * _.isFunction(_);
 * // => true
 *
 * _.isFunction(/abc/);
 * // => false
 */
function isFunction(value) {
  if (!isObject(value)) {
    return false;
  }
  // The use of `Object#toString` avoids issues with the `typeof` operator
  // in Safari 9 which returns 'object' for typed arrays and other constructors.
  var tag = baseGetTag(value);
  return tag == funcTag || tag == genTag || tag == asyncTag || tag == proxyTag;
}

/**
 * Checks if `value` is the
 * [language type](http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-ecmascript-language-types)
 * of `Object`. (e.g. arrays, functions, objects, regexes, `new Number(0)`, and `new String('')`)
 *
 * @static
 * @memberOf _
 * @since 0.1.0
 * @category Lang
 * @param {*} value The value to check.
 * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is an object, else `false`.
 * @example
 *
 * _.isObject({});
 * // => true
 *
 * _.isObject([1, 2, 3]);
 * // => true
 *
 * _.isObject(_.noop);
 * // => true
 *
 * _.isObject(null);
 * // => false
 */
function isObject(value) {
  var type = typeof value;
  return value != null && (type == 'object' || type == 'function');
}

/**
 * Checks if `value` is object-like. A value is object-like if it's not `null`
 * and has a `typeof` result of "object".
 *
 * @static
 * @memberOf _
 * @since 4.0.0
 * @category Lang
 * @param {*} value The value to check.
 * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is object-like, else `false`.
 * @example
 *
 * _.isObjectLike({});
 * // => true
 *
 * _.isObjectLike([1, 2, 3]);
 * // => true
 *
 * _.isObjectLike(_.noop);
 * // => false
 *
 * _.isObjectLike(null);
 * // => false
 */
function isObjectLike(value) {
  return value != null && typeof value == 'object';
}

/**
 * Checks if `value` is classified as a `Symbol` primitive or object.
 *
 * @static
 * @memberOf _
 * @since 4.0.0
 * @category Lang
 * @param {*} value The value to check.
 * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a symbol, else `false`.
 * @example
 *
 * _.isSymbol(Symbol.iterator);
 * // => true
 *
 * _.isSymbol('abc');
 * // => false
 */
function isSymbol(value) {
  return typeof value == 'symbol' ||
    (isObjectLike(value) && baseGetTag(value) == symbolTag);
}

/**
 * Converts `value` to a finite number.
 *
 * @static
 * @memberOf _
 * @since 4.12.0
 * @category Lang
 * @param {*} value The value to convert.
 * @returns {number} Returns the converted number.
 * @example
 *
 * _.toFinite(3.2);
 * // => 3.2
 *
 * _.toFinite(Number.MIN_VALUE);
 * // => 5e-324
 *
 * _.toFinite(Infinity);
 * // => 1.7976931348623157e+308
 *
 * _.toFinite('3.2');
 * // => 3.2
 */
function toFinite(value) {
  if (!value) {
    return value === 0 ? value : 0;
  }
  value = toNumber(value);
  if (value === INFINITY || value === -INFINITY) {
    var sign = (value < 0 ? -1 : 1);
    return sign * MAX_INTEGER;
  }
  return value === value ? value : 0;
}

/**
 * Converts `value` to an integer.
 *
 * **Note:** This method is loosely based on
 * [`ToInteger`](http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/#sec-tointeger).
 *
 * @static
 * @memberOf _
 * @since 4.0.0
 * @category Lang
 * @param {*} value The value to convert.
 * @returns {number} Returns the converted integer.
 * @example
 *
 * _.toInteger(3.2);
 * // => 3
 *
 * _.toInteger(Number.MIN_VALUE);
 * // => 0
 *
 * _.toInteger(Infinity);
 * // => 1.7976931348623157e+308
 *
 * _.toInteger('3.2');
 * // => 3
 */
function toInteger(value) {
  var result = toFinite(value),
      remainder = result % 1;

return result === result ? (remainder ? result - remainder : result) : 0;
}

/**
 * Converts `value` to a number.
 *
 * @static
 * @memberOf _
 * @since 4.0.0
 * @category Lang
 * @param {*} value The value to process.
 * @returns {number} Returns the number.
 * @example
 *
 * _.toNumber(3.2);
 * // => 3.2
 *
 * _.toNumber(Number.MIN_VALUE);
 * // => 5e-324
 *
 * _.toNumber(Infinity);
 * // => Infinity
 *
 * _.toNumber('3.2');
 * // => 3.2
 */
function toNumber(value) {
  if (typeof value == 'number') {
    return value;
  }
  if (isSymbol(value)) {
    return NAN;
  }
  if (isObject(value)) {
    var other = typeof value.valueOf == 'function' ? value.valueOf() : value;
    value = isObject(other) ? (other + '') : other;
  }
  if (typeof value != 'string') {
    return value === 0 ? value : +value;
  }
  value = value.replace(reTrim, '');
  var isBinary = reIsBinary.test(value);
  return (isBinary || reIsOctal.test(value))
    ? freeParseInt(value.slice(2), isBinary ? 2 : 8)
    : (reIsBadHex.test(value) ? NAN : +value);
}

/**
 * Creates a function that returns `value`.
 *
 * @static
 * @memberOf _
 * @since 2.4.0
 * @category Util
 * @param {*} value The value to return from the new function.
 * @returns {Function} Returns the new constant function.
 * @example
 *
 * var objects = _.times(2, _.constant({ 'a': 1 }));
 *
 * console.log(objects);
 * // => [{ 'a': 1 }, { 'a': 1 }]
 *
 * console.log(objects[0] === objects[1]);
 * // => true
 */
function constant(value) {
  return function() {
    return value;
  };
}

/**
 * This method returns the first argument it receives.
 *
 * @static
 * @since 0.1.0
 * @memberOf _
 * @category Util
 * @param {*} value Any value.
 * @returns {*} Returns `value`.
 * @example
 *
 * var object = { 'a': 1 };
 *
 * console.log(_.identity(object) === object);
 * // => true
 */
function identity(value) {
  return value;
}

// Assign default placeholders.
bind.placeholder = {};

module.exports = bind;